Comparative analysis of energy poverty definition and measurement in Portugal and Spain

This paper critically analyses and compares the definition and measurement of energy poverty in the national strategies of Portugal and Spain, offering recommendations for improvement. Through a systematic literature review of Iberian indicators, the study highlights opportunities to broaden the scope of energy poverty definitions, increase the representativeness of energy services and vulnerabilities, and enhance measurement frameworks. The use of available data and indicators can improve comprehensiveness, reduce redundancy, and better capture the depth and persistence of energy poverty. The paper also emphasizes the need for greater indicator intersectionality and alternative metrics to more effectively identify energy-poor households.