Exploring Energy Poverty in Urban and Rural Contexts in the Era of Climate Change: A Comparative Analysis of European Countries and Israel

The study examined 31 locations in eight countries with diverse geographical and economic backgrounds: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, North Macedonia, The Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Slovakia, and Israel. The article aims to understand how winter energy vulnerability in rural and urban locations in these countries could be identified using selected energy poverty indicators and how it evolves under the influence of climate change. A set of sociodemographic, infrastructural, and economic variables, combined with climate analysis, were selected and assessed for their impact on energy poverty. We found that energy poverty in most countries depends significantly on location and regional development. Due to a combination of factors influencing energy poverty, rural households tend to be more vulnerable. Furthermore, climate change consequences will likely leave rural areas more likely to experience energy poverty in the future.

Authors: Dušana Dokupilová, Ana Stojilovska, Pedro Palma, João Pedro Gouveia, Eleftheria G. Paschalidou,Roberto Barrella, Marielle Feenstra, Ana Horta, Carmen Sánchez-Guevara, József Kádár, Majda Tesanovic, Nikolaos S. Thomaidis and Tareq Abu Hamed